This post is for your convenience.
I don’t offer comments here because I already did this in the original posts.
Here are the tables.
I.. The Trinity
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Trinitarian Verses The Father (God), the Son (Jesus Christ), and the Holy Spirit Are Mentioned |
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| 1 | As soon as Jesus came up out of the water, “he saw the Spirit of God [Father] descending like a dove and lighting on him. And a voice from heaven said, ‘This is my Son, whom I love and with him I am well pleased’” (Matt. 3:16-17). |
| 2 | But if it is by the Spirit of God that I [Jesus] drive out demons, then the kingdom of God [Father] has come upon you. (Matt. 12:28) |
| 3 | All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. Therefore, go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit […] (Matt 28:18-19) |
| 4 | At that time Jesus, full of joy through the Holy Spirit, said, “I praise you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because you have hidden these things from the wise and learned, and revealed them to little children. Yes, Father, for this is what you were pleased to do. (Luke 10:21) |
| 5 | Jesus answered, “Very truly I tell you, no one can enter the kingdom of God [Father] unless they are born of water and the Spirit. (John 3:5) |
| 6 | For the one whom God has sent [Jesus] speaks the words of God [Father], for God gives the Spirit without limit. (John 3:24) |
| 7 | But the Advocate, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my [Jesus’s] name, will teach you all things and will remind you of everything I have said to you. (John 14:26) |
| 8 | “When the Advocate comes, whom I [Jesus] will send to you from the Father—the Spirit of truth who goes out from the Father—he will testify about me [Jesus]. (John 15:26) |
| 9 | All that belongs to the Father is mine. That is why I said the Spirit will receive from me what he will make known to you.” (John 16:15) |
| 10 | Again Jesus said, “Peace be with you! As the Father has sent me, I am sending you.” 22 And with that he breathed on them and said, “Receive the Holy Spirit. (John 20:21-22) |
| 11 | On one occasion, while he [Jesus] was eating with them, he gave them this command: “Do not leave Jerusalem, but wait for the gift my Father promised, which you have heard me speak about. 5 For John baptized with water, but in a few days you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit.” (Acts 1:4-5) |
| 12 | He said to them: “It is not for you to know the times or dates the Father has set by his own authority. 8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you; and you will be my [Jesus’s] witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.” (Acts 1:7-9) |
| 13 | God [Father] has raised this Jesus to life, and we are all witnesses of it. 33 Exalted to the right hand of God, he has received from the Father the promised Holy Spirit and has poured out what you now see and hear. (Acts 3:32-33) |
| 14 | Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. 39 The promise is for you and your children and for all who are far off—for all whom the Lord our God [Father] will call.” (Acts 2:38-39) |
| 15 | God [Father] exalted him to his own right hand as Prince and Savior that he might bring Israel to repentance and forgive their sins. 32 We are witnesses of these things, and so is the Holy Spirit, whom God has given to those who obey him.” |
| 16 | […] how God [Father] anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and power, and how he went around doing good and healing all who were under the power of the devil, because God was with him. (Acts 10:38) |
| 17 | […] the gospel he [Father] promised beforehand through his prophets in the Holy Scriptures 3 regarding his Son, who as to his earthly life was a descendant of David, 4 and who through the Spirit of holiness was appointed the Son of God in power by his resurrection from the dead: Jesus Christ our Lord. (Rom. 1:2-4) |
| 18 | For what the law was powerless to do because it was weakened by the flesh, God [Father] did by sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh to be a sin offering. And so he condemned sin in the flesh, 4 in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fully met in us, who do not live according to the flesh but according to the Spirit. (Rom. 8:3-4) |
| 19 | 12 And again, Isaiah says,
“The Root of Jesse [Jesus] will spring up, 13 May the God [Father] of hope fill you with all joy and peace as you trust in him, so that you may overflow with hope by the power of the Holy Spirit. (Rom. 15:12-13) |
| 20 | And that is what some of you were. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God [Father]. (1 Cor. 6:11) |
| 21 | Therefore I want you to know that no one who is speaking by the Spirit of God [Father] says, “Jesus be cursed,” and no one can say, “Jesus is Lord,” except by the Holy Spirit. (1 Cor. 12:3) |
| 22 | 4 There are different kinds of gifts, but the same Spirit distributes them.5 There are different kinds of service, but the same Lord [Jesus]. 6 There are different kinds of working, but in all of them and in everyone it is the same God [Father] at work. (1 Cor. 12:4-6) |
| 23 | […] to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles. He gave me the priestly duty of proclaiming the gospel of God [Father], so that the Gentiles might become an offering acceptable to God, sanctified by the Holy Spirit. (Rom. 15:15-17) |
| 24 | […] by the power of signs and wonders, through the power of the Spirit of God [Father]. So from Jerusalem all the way around to Illyricum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ. (Rom. 15:19) |
| 25 | “May the grace of the Lord Jesus, and the love of God [Father], and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all” (2 Cor. 13:14). |
| 26 | But when the set time had fully come, God [Father] sent his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, 5 to redeem those under the law, that we might receive adoption to sonship. 6 Because you are his sons, God sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, the Spirit who calls out, “Abba, Father.” (Gal. 4:4-6) |
| 27 | For through him [Jesus] we both have access to the Father by one Spirit. (Eph. 2:18) |
| 28 | But when the kindness and love of God [Father] our Savior appeared, 5 he saved us, not because of righteous things we had done, but because of his mercy. He saved us through the washing of rebirth and renewal by the Holy Spirit, 6 whom he poured out on us generously through Jesus Christ our Savior, (Titus 3:4-6) |
| 29 | It is impossible for those who have once been enlightened, who have tasted the heavenly gift, who have shared in the Holy Spirit, 5 who have tasted the goodness of the word of God [Father] and the powers of the coming age 6 and who have fallen away, to be brought back to repentance. To their loss they are crucifying the Son of God all over again and subjecting him to public disgrace. (Heb. 6:4-6) |
| 30 | […] have been chosen according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through the sanctifying work of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and sprinkling by his blood (1 Peter 1:2) |
| 31 | But you, dear friends, by building yourselves up in your most holy faith and praying in the Holy Spirit, 21 keep yourselves in God’s [Father’s] love as you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ to bring you to eternal life. (Jude 20-21) |
| 32 | And this is his command: to believe in the name of his Son, Jesus Christ, and to love one another as he commanded us. 24 The one who keeps God’s [Father’s] commands lives in him, and he in them. And this is how we know that he lives in us: We know it by the Spirit he gave us. (1 John 3:23-24) |
| 33 | 21 To the one who is victorious, I [Jesus] will give the right to sit with me on my throne, just as I was victorious and sat down with my Father on his throne. 22 Whoever has ears, let them hear what the Spirit says to the churches. (Rev. 3:21-22) |
| 34 | This calls for patient endurance on the part of the people of God [Father] who keep his commands and remain faithful to Jesus. 13 Then I heard a voice from heaven say, “Write this: Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord from now on.” “Yes,” says the Spirit, “they will rest from their labor, for their deeds will follow them.” (Rev.14:12-13) |
| I got this idea from Harwood, pp. 147-49. | |
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ATTRIBUTES OF THE TRIUNE GOD |
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| Attribute | Father | Son | Holy Spirit |
| Life | Jos. 3:10 | John 1:4 | Rom. 8:2 |
| Omniscience | Ps. 139:1-6 | John 4:17-18 | 1 Cor. 2:10-12 |
| Omnipotence | Gen. 1:1 | John 1:3 | Job. 33:4 |
| Omnipresence | Jer. 23:23-24 | Matt. 28:20 | Ps. 139:7-10 |
| Eternity | Ps. 90:2 | John 1:1 | Heb. 9:4 |
| Holiness | Lev. 11:44 | Acts 3:14 | Matt. 12:32 |
| Love | 1 John 4:8 | Rom. 8:37-39 | Gal. 5:22 |
| Truth | John 3:33 | John 14:6 | John 14:17 |
| Glory | Ex. 16:7 | 1 Cor. 2:8 | 1 Pet. 4:14 |
| Wisdom | Job 9:4 | Col. 2:2b-3 | Eph. 1:17 |
| Graciousness | Is. 30:18 | Eph. 2:4-9 | Heb. 10:29 |
| Peacefulness | Rom. 15:13 | Eph. 2:14 | Rom. 6:6 |
| Goodness | Exod. 33:19 | John 10:11, 14 | Gal. 5:22-23 |
| Patience | Rom. 2:4 | 1 Tim. 1:16 | Gal. 5:22-23 |
| Faithfulness | 1 Cor. 1:9 | Rev. 19:11 | Gal. 5:22-23 |
| Righteousness | Rom. 3:21-26 | Acts 7:52 | Rom. 14:17 |
| Joy | Neh. 8:10 | John 17:13 | Rom. 14:17 |
In the right column, Galatians 5:22-23 speaks of the fruit of the Spirit. The main point is that if the Spirit produces those fruits, then he must have them in his person.
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THE WORK OF THE HOLY TRINITY |
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| Work | Father | Son | Holy Spirit |
| Creation of World | Ps 102:25 | John 1:3 | Gen 1:2 |
| Creation of Man | Gen 2:7 | Col. 1:16 | Job 33:4 |
| Death of Christ | Is 53:10 | John 10:18 | Heb 9:14 |
| Resurrection of Christ | Acts 2:32 | John 2:19 | 1 Pet 3:18 |
| Inspiration | Heb 1:1-2 | 1 Pet 1:10-11 | 2 Pet 1:21 |
| Indwelling of Believers | Eph 4:6 | Col 1:7 | 1 Cor 6:19 |
| Authority of Ministry | 2 Cor 3:4-6 | 1 Tim 1:12 | Acts 20:28 |
| Security of Believer | John 10:29 | Phil 1:6 | Eph 1:13-14 |
| This shows the unity of the Trinity. Each person of the Trinity contributed to each of these wonderful works, to God’s glory and for our salvation and redemption (Towns p. 100) | |||
II. Christology (Doctrine of Christ)
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Yahweh = God = The Lord Jesus |
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| Old Testament | New Testament | |
| 1 | Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God (Ex. 20:9-10a). | The Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath. (Mark 2:28) |
| 2 | 9 He [THE LORD] said, “Go and tell this people: “‘Be ever hearing, but never understanding; be ever seeing, but never perceiving.’ 10 Make the heart of this people calloused; make their ears dull and close their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts, and turn and be healed.” (Is. 6:9-10) | 37 Even after Jesus had performed so many signs in their presence, they still would not believe in him. 38 This was to fulfill the word of Isaiah the prophet: “Lord, who has believed our message and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?” 39 For this reason they could not believe, because, as Isaiah says elsewhere: 40 “He has blinded their eyes and hardened their hearts, so they can neither see with their eyes, nor understand with their hearts, nor turn—and I would heal them.” 41 Isaiah said this because he saw Jesus’ glory and spoke about him. (John 12:37-41; cf. Matt. 13:14-15) |
| 3 | The Lord says to my lord: Sit at my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.” (Ps. 110:1) | “‘The Lord said to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand until I put your enemies under your feet.”’ 45 If then David calls him ‘Lord,’ how can he be his son?” (Matt. 22:44-45) |
| 4 | “I will send my messenger, who will prepare the way before me. Then suddenly the Lord you are seeking will come to his temple; the messenger of the covenant, whom you desire, will come,” says the Lord Almighty. (Mal. 3:1) | And you, my child [John the Baptist], will be called a prophet of the Most High; for you will go on before the Lord to prepare the way for him (Luke 1:76) |
| 5 | The LORD is my shepherd; I shall not lack (Ps. 23:1) | “I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. (John 10:11) |
| 6 | The Lord Almighty is the one you are to regard as holy, he is the one you are to fear, he is the one you are to dread. 14 He will be a holy place; for both Israel and Judah he will be a stone that causes people to stumble and a rock that makes them fall. And for the people of Jerusalem he will be a trap and a snare. (Is. 8:13-14) | Why not? Because they pursued it not by faith but as if it were by works. They stumbled over the stumbling stone. 33 As it is written: “See, I lay in Zion a stone that causes people to stumble and a rock that makes them fall, and the one who believes in him will never be put to shame.” (Rom. 9:32-33) |
| 7 | And everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved; for on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there will be deliverance, as the Lord has said, even among the survivors whom the Lord calls. (Joel 2:32) | 9 If you declare with your mouth, “Jesus is Lord,” and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. 10 For it is with your heart that you believe and are justified, and it is with your mouth that you profess your faith and are saved. 11 As Scripture says, “Anyone who believes in him will never be put to shame.” 12 For there is no difference between Jew and Gentile—the same Lord is Lord of all and richly blesses all who call on him, 13 for, “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.” (Rom. 10:9-13) |
| 8 | “Turn to me and be saved, all you ends of the earth; for I am God, and there is no other. 23 By myself I have sworn, my mouth has uttered in all integrity a word that will not be revoked: Before me every knee will bow; by me every tongue will swear. (Is. 45:23) | It is written: “‘As surely as I live,’ says the Lord, ‘every knee will bow before me; every tongue will acknowledge God.’” (Rom. 14:11)
At the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, 11 and every tongue acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father. (Phil. 2:10-11) |
| 9 | “But let the one who boasts boast about this: that they have the understanding to know me, that I am the Lord, who exercises kindness, justice and righteousness on earth, for in these I delight,” declares the Lord. (Jer. 9:24) | It is because of him that you are in Christ Jesus, who has become for us wisdom from God—that is, our righteousness, holiness and redemption. 31 Therefore, as it is written: “Let the one who boasts boast in the Lord.” (1 Cor. 1:30-31) |
| 10 | Who can fathom the Spirit of the Lord, or instruct the Lord as his counselor? (Is. 40:13) | 16 “Who has known the mind of the Lord so as to instruct him?” But we have the mind of Christ. (1 Cor. 2:16) |
| 11 | When you ascended on high, you took many captives; you received gifts from people, even from the rebellious—that you, Lord God, might dwell there. (Ps. 68:18) | This is why it says: “When he ascended on high, he took many captives and gave gifts to his people.” 9 (What does “he ascended” mean except that he also descended to the lower, earthly regions[c]? 10 He who descended is the very one who ascended higher than all the heavens, in order to fill the whole universe.) (Eph. 4:8-10) |
| 12 | People will flee to caves in the rocks and to holes in the ground from the fearful presence of the Lord and the splendor of his majesty, when he rises to shake the earth. (Is. 2:19 see vv. 2, 21) | This will happen when the Lord Jesus is revealed from heaven in blazing fire with his powerful angels. 8 He will punish those who do not know God and do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. 9 They will be punished with everlasting destruction and shut out from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might (2 Thess. 1:7-9) |
| 13 | See, the Lord is coming with fire, and his chariots are like a whirlwind; he will bring down his anger with fury, and his rebuke with flames of fire. (Is. 66:15) | 2 Thess. 1:7-9 (see above) |
| 14 | He himself will redeem Israel from all their sins. (Ps. 130:8) | While we wait for the blessed hope—the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ, 14 who gave himself for us to redeem us from all wickedness and to purify for himself a people that are his very own, eager to do what is good. (Titus 2:13-14) |
| 15 | In the beginning you [God] laid the foundations of the earth, and the heavens are the work of your hands. 26 They will perish, but you remain; they will all wear out like a garment. Like clothing you will change them and they will be discarded. 27 But you remain the same, and your years will never end. (Ps. 102:25-27) | He also says, “In the beginning, Lord, you laid the foundations of the earth, and the heavens are the work of your hands. 11 They will perish, but you remain; they will all wear out like a garment. 12 You will roll them up like a robe; like a garment they will be changed. But you remain the same, and your years will never end.” (Heb. 1:10-12) |
| 16 | Lift up your eyes to the heavens, look at the earth beneath; the heavens will vanish like smoke, the earth will wear out like a garment and its inhabitants die like flies. But my salvation will last forever, my righteousness will never fail. (Is. 51:6) | Heb. 1:11, see above |
| 17 | Taste and see that the Lord is good; blessed is the one who takes refuge in him. (Ps. 34:8) | Now … you have tasted that the Lord is good. (1 Pet. 2:3) |
| 18 | The Lord Almighty is the one you are to regard as holy, he is the one you are to fear, he is the one you are to dread. (Is. 8:13) | But in your hearts revere Christ as Lord. (1 Pet. 3:15) |
| 19 | “And I [the LORD] will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and supplication. They will look on me, the one they have pierced, and they will mourn for him as one mourns for an only child, and grieve bitterly for him as one grieves for a firstborn son. (Zech. 12:10) | “Look, he is coming with the clouds,” and “every eye will see him, even those who pierced him”; and all peoples on earth “will mourn because of him.” So shall it be! Amen. (Rev. 1:7) |
| 20 | “I the Lord search the heart and examine the mind, to reward each person according to their conduct, according to what their deeds deserve.” (Jer. 17:10) | Then all the churches will know that I am he who searches hearts and minds, and I will repay each of you according to your deeds. (Rev. 2:23) |
| 21 | “And with you, Lord, is unfailing love”; and, “You reward everyone according to what they have done.” (Ps. 62:12) |
“Look, I am coming soon! My reward is with me, and I will give to each person according to what they have done.” (Rev. 22:12) |
| 22 | See the Sovereign LORD comes power, and he rules with his mighty arm. See his reward is with him, and his recompense accompanies him. (Is. 40:10) | Rev. 22:12, see above |
| 23 | “This is what the Lord says— Israel’s King and Redeemer, the Lord Almighty: I am the first and I am the last; apart from me there is no God. (Is. 40:10) | I am the Alpha and Omega, the First and the Last (Rev. 22:13) |
| Source: Frame, Systematic, p. 452, significantly revised here. | ||
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Essence and Persons |
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| Western Church (Latin) | Eastern Church (Greek) |
| Substantia (substance) | Ousia (essence) |
| Personae (persons) | Hypostaseis (persons) |
| Harwood, p. 150, slightly adapted | |
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JESUS’ SEVEN “I AM” SAYINGS IN JOHN |
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| 1 | I Am the Bread of Life (6:35, 48) and Living Bread (6:51) |
| 2 | I Am the Light of the World (8:12; 9:5) |
| 3 | I Am the Gate (10:7, 9) |
| 4 | I Am the Good Shepherd (10:11, 14) |
| 5 | I am the Resurrection and the Life (11:25) |
| 6 | I Am the Way, the Truth, and the Life (14:6) |
| 7 | I am the True Vine (15:1, 5) |
| Biblical Theology Study Bible, p. 2163, slightly edited | |
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Fulfillment of Prophecies about the Crucifixion |
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| Old Testament | Topic | New Testament | |
| 1 | Is. 53:6-7 The Lord laid on him the iniquity of us all . . . He was led like a lamb to the slaughter. | Suffering Lamb of God | Jn. 1:29 Look, the lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world. |
| 2 | Ex. 24:8 Moses . . . said, “This is the blood of the covenant.” | Blood of the Covenant | Mt. 26:28 This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. |
| 3 | Is. 50:6 I offered my back to those who beat me, my cheeks to those who pulled out my beard; I did not hide my face from mocking and spitting. | Beaten, spit on, and mocked | Mk. 15:15, 19-20 Pilate . . . had Jesus flogged . . . Again and again the soldiers struck him on the head with a staff and spit on him . . . they mocked him. |
| 4 | Zech. 11:12 So they paid me thirty pieces of silver. | Thirty pieces of silver | Mt. 26:15 So they counted out for [Judas] thirty pieces of silver. |
| 5 | Zech. 12:10 They will look on me, the one they pierced. | They will look on the one they pierced | Jn. 19:34, 37 One of the soldiers pierced Jesus’ side . . . They will look on the one they pierced. |
| 6 | Ps. 22:18 They divide my garments among them and cast lots for my clothing. | Divided and cast lost for his garments | Jn. 19:23-24 When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes, dividing them . . . with the undergarment remaining . . . They said . . . “Let’s decide by lot who will get it.” |
| 7 | Is. 53:12 He poured out his life unto death and was numbered with the transgressors. | Numbered with transgressors | Lk. 23:32-33 Two other men, both criminals, also were led out to be executed . . . they crucified [Jesus] along with criminals—one on his right, the other on his left. |
| 8 | Ps 22:7-8 All who see me mock me and hurl insults, shaking their heads. | Mocked by a crowd | Mt. 27:39 Those who passed by hurled insults at him, shaking their heads. |
| 9 | Ps. 69:21 They . . . gave me vinegar for my thirst. | Vinegar for thirst | Jn. 19:28-29 Jesus said, “I am thirsty.” A jar of vinegar was there, so they soaked a sponge in it, put the sponge on a hyssop plant, and lifted it up to Jesus’ lips. |
| 10 | Nu. 9:12 They must not leave any of [the lamb] until morning or break any of its bones. (Cf. Ex. 12:46, Ps. 34:20) | No broken bones | Jn. 19:36 These things happened so that scripture would be fulfilled: “Not one of his bones will be broken.” |
| Adapted from Tim LaHaye and Ed Hinson (eds.) The Popular Encyclopedia of Bible Prophecy (Harvest House, 2004), pp. 219-23.
Herbert Lockyer, All the Messianic Prophecies of the Bible (Zondervan, 1973). |
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Fulfillment of Prophecies about Jesus’s Words on the Cross |
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| Old Testament | Topic | New Testament | |
| 1 | Ps. 22:1 My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? | Forsaken as the sins of the world are taken on himself | Mt. 27:46 “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?” |
| 2 | Is. 53:12 He bore the sin of many and made intercession for the transgressors. | Interceding for transgressors | Lk. 23:32, 42-43 Two other men, both criminals, were led out with him to be executed . . . [A criminal] said, “Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom.” Jesus answered him, “I tell you the truth, today you will be with me in paradise.” |
| 3 | Ps. 31:5 Into your hands I commit my spirit. | Committing his spirit to his Father | Lk. 23:46 Jesus called out with a loud voice, “Father, into your hands I commit my spirit.” |
| Adapted from Tim LaHaye and Ed Hinson (eds.) The Popular Encyclopedia Bible Prophecy (Harvest House, 2004), pp. 219-23.
Herbert Lockyer, All the Messianic Prophecies of the Bible (Zondervan, 1973). |
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| Resurrection Appearances | ||||
| Appearance | Place | Time | Scriptures | |
| 1 | The Empty Tomb | Jerusalem | Resurrection Sunday | Mt. 28:1-10; Mk. 16:1-8; Lk. 24:1-12; Jn. 20:1-9 |
| 2 | Mary Magdalene | In a garden in Jerusalem | Resurrection Sunday | Mk. 16:9-11; Jn. 11-18 |
| 3 | Other women | Jerusalem | Resurrection Sunday | Mt. 28:9-10 |
| 4 | Two men on Road to Emmaus | Emmaus seven miles from Jerusalem | Resurrection Sunday | Mk. 16:12-13; Lk. 24:13-32 |
| 5 | Peter | Jerusalem | Resurrection Sunday | Lk. 24:34; 1 Cor. 15:5 |
| 6 | Ten disciples in upper room | Jerusalem | Resurrection Sunday | Lk. 24:36-43; Jn. 20:19-25 |
| 7 | Eleven disciples in upper room | Jerusalem | Following Sunday | Mk. 16:14; Jn. 20:26-31; 1 Cor. 15:5 |
| 8 | Seven disciples | Sea of Galilee | Some time later | Jn. 21:1-23 |
| 9 | Eleven disciples on mountain | Galilee | Some time later | Mt. 28:16-20; Mk. 16:15-18 |
| 10 | More than five hundred | Unknown | Some time later | 1 Cor. 15:6 |
| 11 | James | Unknown | Some time later | 1 Cor. 15:7 |
| 12 | His disciples at his ascension | Mount of Olives | Forty days after resurrection | Lk. 24:44-49; Ac. 1:3-8 |
| 13 | Paul | Damascus | Several years later | Ac. 9:1-9, 22:3-16, 26:9-18; 1 Cor. 9:1 |
| Adapted from NIV Study Bible (2011), p. 1754 | ||||
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HIS HUMANITY |
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| Trait or Action | Scriptures | |
| 1 | He is called man even after his ascension. | 1 Tim. 2:5 |
| 2 | He had a human mother. | Rom. 1:3; Gal. 4:4; Heb. 7:14 |
| 3 | He has a human (Jewish) genealogy | Matt. 1:1-17; Luke 2:7; 3:23-38.; Acts 13:23; Rom. 1:3; Gal. 4:4; Heb. 7:14 |
| 4 | He had human flesh. | John 1:14; Heb. 2:14; 1 John 4:2; after his resurrection: Luke 24:39; John 20:27 |
| 5 | He got tired. | John 4:6 |
| 6 | He slept. | Matt. 8:24 |
| 7 | He got hungry. | Matt. 21:18 |
| 8 | He thirsted. | John 19:28 |
| 9 | He suffered pain and sweat and drops of blood. | Luke 22:44 |
| 10 | He had human mind and limited knowledge. | Mark 11:13; 13:32; Luke 2:52 |
| 11 | He had a human soul and spirit and emotions. | Matt. 9:36; 26:38; Mark 10:14; Luke 19:4; John 2:15-16).
Jesus wept John 11:35; 12:27; 13:21 |
| 12 | He was tempted in every way, but without sin. | Heb. 2:18; 4:15
Note: To be tempted is not sinful, but to give in is. Jesus overcame temptation and was sinless—his divine nature and the Spirit enabled him to resist successfully. |
| 13 | He was made like his brothers—the Jews of his time—in all things. | Heb. 2:17 |
| 14 | He had to pray to sustain himself and hear from his Father. | Matt. 14:23; Mark 1:35; Luke 22:41-42; Heb. 5:7 |
| 15 | He ministered in the power and anointing of the Spirit. | Luke 3:21-22; 4:18-19; Acts 10:38 |
| 16 | He died. | Matt. 27:50; Mark 15:39; 1 Cor. 15:3 |
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HIS DEITY |
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| 17 | He was conceived of the Spirit. | Matt. 1:18, 20; Luke 1:35 |
| 18 | He was omnipotent (all-powerful) and had power and sovereignty over nature. | Matt. 8:26-27; 14:25; 17:27;
After his ascension: Eph. 1:20-23; Phil. 3:21; Heb. 1:3 |
| 19 | He was omniscient (all-knowing). | Mark 2:8; John 2:24; John 6:61, 64; 16:30
After his ascension: Col. 2:3 |
| 20 | He was omnipresent (all-present). | Matt. 18:20; Matt. 28:20; John 1:51; 3:13;
After his ascension: John 14:20; Eph. 1:23 |
| 21 | He is eternal, without beginning or end. | Is. 9:6; Luke 13:34-35; John 1:1-2; 8:58; 17:5; Rev. 2:8; 22:13 |
| 22 | He was equal with God. | John 1:1; 5:18; Phil. 2:6 |
| 23 | All the fullness of deity dwelt in bodily form. | John 1:1-3, 10, 14; Col. 2:9 |
| 24 | He is the Creator. | John 1:1-3, 10; Col. 1:16; Heb. 1:10 |
| 25 | He preserves the universe. | Col. 1:17; Heb. 1:3 |
| 26 | He is unchanging (immutable). | Heb. 1:12 (cf. Ps. 102:25-27); Heb. 13:8
Note: He changes in his human nature, when he feels emotions, for example, but his divine nature never changed in its essential attributes (eternality, omniscience, omnipotence, and so on). |
| 27 | He can forgive sins, reserved only for God, in this context. | Mark 2:5-7; Luke 7:48-49;
Note: You can forgive someone who sins against you, but you have no right to forgive someone who sins against a third person (not you) or against God. And you and I cannot take away the sins of the whole world (John 1:29). |
| 28 | He can raise the dead, also on the last day of humanity (as we know it). | John 6:39-40 |
| 29 | He judges all of humanity, the living and the dead. | John 5:22; Acts 10:42; 2 Cor 5:10; 2 Tim. 4:1; 4:8 |
| 30 | He is the Savior of the world: Jesus-Yeshua-Joshua means “the Lord saves.” | Matt. 1:21; Acts 5:31; 2 Pet. 1:11 |
| 31 | He bestows eternal life. | John 10:28; John 17:2 |
| 32 | He is one with the Father. | John 10:30; John 17:22 |
| 33 | He accepted and received worship. | Matt. 4:9-10;
Note: Jesus said to worship only God, yet he is about to receive worship, as follows: Matt. 14:33; 28:9; Luke 24:52; Heb. 1:6 (cf. Deut. 32:43); Phil. 2:10-11 |
| 34 | He is called God and proclaimed as such. | Is. 9:6; John 1:1; 1:18; 20:28; Rom. 9:5; Heb. 1:8 (cf. Ps. 45:6-7); 2 Pet. 1:1; 1 John 5:20 |
|
Names and Titles of Jesus Christ |
||
| 1 | God | John 1:1; Heb. 1:8; 1 John 5:20 |
| 2 | God the One and Only | John 1:18 |
| 3 | God over all | Rom. 9:5 |
| 4 | Immanuel (“God with Us”) | Is. 7:14; Matt. 1:23 |
| 5 | Our God and Savior | Ti. 2:13; 2 Pe. 1:1 |
| 6 | The Lord | Acts 2:36; Rom. 10:9; Phil. 2:11; Col. 2:6 |
| 7 | Lord of all | Acts 2:36 |
| 8 | Lord and God | John 20:28 |
| 9 | Lord and Savior | 2 Pe. 1:11, 2:20, 3:18 |
| 10 | Lord of glory | 1 Cor. 2:8 |
| 11 | Lord of lords | Rev. 17:14, 19:16 |
| 12 | King of kings | Rev. 17:14 |
| 13 | Alpha and Omega | Rev. 21:5-6 |
| 14 | The Living One | Rev. 1:18 |
| 15 | The Holy One of God | Mark 1:24 |
| 16 | The Holy and Righteous One | Acts 3:14 |
| 17 | The “I am” | John 8:58 |
| 18 | The Cornerstone | Mark 12:10 |
| 19 | The Messiah | Matt. 16:16 |
| 20 | The Son of God | Luke 1:35; John 20:31 |
| 21 | The Word of God | John 1:1; Rev. 19:13 |
| 22 | The Lamb of God | John 1:36 |
| 23 | The Bridegroom of the Church | John 3:39 |
| 24 | Husband of the Church | 2 Cor. 11:2 |
| 25 | The Prophet | John 6:14 |
| 26 | The Bread of life | John 6:48 |
| 27 | The Light of the world | John 8:12 |
| 28 | The Good Shepherd | John 10:11; Heb. 13:20; 1 Pe. 5:5 |
| 29 | The Resurrection and Life | John 11:25 |
| 30 | King of Israel | John 12:13 |
| 31 | King of Jews | John 19:19-21 |
| 32 | The Way, the Truth, the Life | John 14:6 |
| 33 | Prince and Savior | Acts 5:31 |
| 34 | The Author of life | Acts 3:15 |
| 35 | Son of Man | Acts 7:56 |
| 36 | Judge of living and dead | Acts 10:42 |
| 37 | Our Passover Lamb | 1 Cor. 5:8 |
| 38 | The second Adam | 1 Cor. 15:45-47 |
| 39 | Head of the Church | Col. 1:18 |
| 40 | The Mediator | 1 Tim. 2:5 |
| 41 | The Righteous Judge | 2 Tim. 4:8 |
| 42 | The Great High Priest | Heb. 4:14 |
| 43 | The Lion of the Tribe of Judah | Rev. 5:5 |
| 44 | The Root and Offspring of David | Rev. 22:16 |
| 45 | The Son of David | Matt. 21:9; 22:42 |
| 46 | Bright and Morning Star | Rev. 22:16 |
| Source: NIV Study Bible 2011, though adapted. | ||
III. Pneumatology (Doctrine of the Spirit)
| The Activities of the Spirit | Scriptures | |
| 1 | He teaches. | John 14:26 |
| 2 | He testifies. | John 15:26 |
| 3 | He guides. | Rom. 8:14 |
| 4 | He speaks. | 1 Cor. 12:13 |
| 5 | He enlightens. | John 16:13 |
| 6 | He strives. | Gen. 6:3 |
| 7 | He commands. | Acts 8:26 |
| 8 | He intercedes. | Rom. 8:26 |
| 9 | He sends workers. | Acts 13:4 |
| 10 | He calls. | Rev. 22:17 |
| 11 | He comforts. | John 16:7 |
| 12 | He works. | 1 Cor. 12:11 |
| 13 | He distributes gifts as he determines or wills. | 1 Cor. 12:11 |
| 14 | He causes new birth and entrance into God’s kingdom. | John 3:3, 5-6 |
| 15 | He encourages. | Acts 9:31 |
| 16 | He advocates. | John 14:16 |
| 17 | He hears and speaks. | John 16:13 |
| 18 | He grieves. | Eph. 4:30 |
| 19 | He can be resisted. | Acts 7:51 |
| 20 | He can be tested. | Acts 5:9 |
| 21 | He understands all things. | 1 Cor. 2:10 |
| 22 | He searches all things, even the deep things of God. | 1 Cor. 2:10 |
| 23 | He knows the thoughts of God. | 1 Cor. 2:11 |
| 24 | He can be quenched. | 1 Thess. 5:19 |
| 25 | He inspires prophecy. | 2 Peter 1:21 |
| 26 | He reveals truth. | John 16:14-15 |
| 27 | He receives truth from the Son. | John 16:14-15 |
| 28 | He can prove the world to be wrong about sin, righteousness, and judgment. | John 16:8 |
| 29 | He helps believers. | John 14:16 |
| 30 | He reminds believers what Jesus said. | John 14:26 |
| 31 | He leads. | Matt. 4:1 |
| 32 | He speaks through believers during trials. | Mark 13:11 |
| 33 | He gives life. | John 6:63; Rom. 8:10 |
| 34 | He can be lied to. | Acts 5:3 |
| 35 | He oversees councils. | Acts 15:28 |
| 36 | He prevents wrong direction and redirects Christians. | Acts 16:6-7 |
| 37 | He compels. | Acts 20:22 |
| 38 | He warns. | Acts 20:23 |
| 39 | He makes overseers. | Acts 20:28 |
| 40 | He circumcises the heart of its sin nature. | Rom. 2:20 |
| 41 | He lives in believers. | Rom. 8:9 |
| 42 | He lives in God’s temple, the church | 1 Cor. 3:16 |
| 43 | He bears witness to our spirits that we are God’s children. | Rom. 8:16 |
| 44 | He has a mind that can be searched. | Rom. 8:27 |
| 45 | He sanctifies believers. | Rom. 15:16; 1 Cor. 6:11 |
| 46 | He washes sinners. | 1 Cor. 6:11 |
| 47 | He justifies the repentant. | 1 Cor. 6:11 |
| 48 | He makes our bodies temples. | 1 Cor. 6:19 |
| 49 | He enables people to say. “Jesus is Lord.” | 1 Cor. 12:3 |
| 50 | He exercises a ministry. | 2 Cor. 3:8 |
| 51 | He gives liberty. | 2 Cor. 3:17 |
| 52 | He provides fellowship for believers. | 2 Cor. 13:14 |
| 53 | He calls out “Abba Father!” in our hearts. | Gal. 4:6 |
| 54 | He produces fruit in believers. | Gal. 5:22-23 |
| 55 | He seals us. | Eph. 1:13 |
| 56 | He grants us access to the Father. | Eph. 2:18 |
| 57 | He wields a sword, the word of God. | Eph. 6:17 |
| 58 | He enables believers to serve God. | Phil. 3:3 |
| 59 | He gives wisdom and understanding to believers, so he is wise and understands things. | Col. 1:9 |
| 60 | He gives psalms, hymns, and songs. | Col. 3:16 |
| 61 | He gives joy during severe suffering. | 1 Thess. 1:6 |
| 62 | He vindicated Jesus. | 1 Tim. 3:16 |
| 63 | He gives believers power, love, and self-discipline. | 2 Tim. 1:7 |
| 64 | He can be insulted. | Heb. 10:29 |
| 65 | He rests on believers. | 1 Peter 4:14 |
| 66 | He is the truth. | 1 John 5:6 |
| 67 | He resurrects. | Rom. 8:11 |
| 68 | He performs miracles | Matt. 12:28; Rom. 15:10 |
| 69 | He was involved in creation | Gen. 1:2 |
| 70 | He empowers believers to judge. | 1 Cor. 2:15 |
| 71 | He inspires reverence. | Is. 11:2 |
| 72 | He inspires supplication | Zech. 12:10 |
| Towns, p. 195, who had twelve acts of the Spirit. I expanded his idea. | ||
IV. Kingdom of God
|
Kingdom Teaching |
|
| 1 | People enjoy the eternal privilege of being born again, in order to enter the kingdom. (John 3:3-5) |
| 2 | People get to repent and enter the kingdom that Jesus was ushering in, in a new way. (Matt. 3:2; 4:17; Mark 1:15) |
| 3 | People enjoy the privilege of entering the kingdom like little children. (Matt. 18:4; 19:14; Mark 10:14-15) |
| 4 | People are transferred from the dominion of darkness and into the kingdom of his Son, whom he loved and in whom they have redemption and the forgiveness of sins. (Col. 1:13) |
| 5 | People are healed because Jesus preached the good news of the kingdom. (Matt. 4:23; 9:35) |
| 6 | Kingdom citizens are called great in the kingdom when they practice and teach the commands of the law until all is accomplished. (Matt. 5:19) |
| 7 | Kingdom disciples who are the least in the kingdom Jesus is ushering in are greater than John the Baptist. (Matt. 11:11; Luke 7:28) |
| 8 | Kingdom citizens who are poor in spirit or are poor are blessed because the kingdom belongs to them. They see their need for the kingdom. (Matt. 5:3; Luke 6:20; Jas. 2:5) |
| 9 | Kingdom disciples who are persecuted and falsely accused because of righteousness are blessed because the kingdom belongs to them. (Matt. 5:10) |
| 10 | Kingdom citizens are blessed because they seek first the kingdom and God’s righteousness, and then all the other things will be added to them. (Matt. 6:33; Luke 12:31) |
| 11 | The Father has been pleased to give kingdom citizens the keys to the kingdom. (Luke 12:32) |
| 12 | Kingdom disciples experience the truth that the kingdom of God is a matter of righteousness, peace, and joy. (Rom. 14:17) |
| 13 | Kingdom citizens are blessed with healing and deliverance from demons because the apostles and the seventy(-two) preached the good news of the kingdom. (Matt. 10:7-8; 12:28; Luke 9:2; Luke 10:9 |
| 14 | Kingdom disciples preach the kingdom of God signs and wonders happen. (Acts 8:12) |
| 15 | Kingdom citizens realize that the kingdom is not a matter of talk but of power. (1 Cor. 4:20) |
| 16 | Kingdom disciples enjoy the privilege of working for the kingdom of God. (Col. 4:11) |
| 17 | Kingdom citizens they enjoy the privilege of praying down God’s kingdom and will in heaven to come down on earth. (Matt. 6:10; Luke 11:2) |
| 18 | The kingdom has been advancing forcefully, and advancement is the plan of God. (Matt. 11:12; Luke 16:16) |
| 19 | Kingdom disciples are willing to go through hardships to enter the kingdom of God. (Acts 14:22) |
| 20 | Kingdom citizens endure trials and persecutions and suffering for the kingdom of God. (2 Thess. 1:5; Rev. 1:9) |
| 21 | The secrets or mysteries of the kingdom are revealed to kingdom citizens when God chooses to do this. (Matt. 13:11; Mark 4:11; Luke 8:10) |
| 22 | Kingdom disciples realize that entering the kingdom is radical, costly and permanent. (Luke 9:57-62) |
| 23 | Kingdom citizens will shine after the weeding out of the people of the evil one. (Matt. 13:43) |
| 24 | Kingdom disciples will feast in the new, eternal kingdom. (Luke 13:29; 14:15) |
| 25 | Kingdom citizens watch tax collectors and prostitutes enter the kingdom before the religious leaders do—kingdom citizens in their past may even have been those “undesirables” in society! (Matt. 21:31) |
| 26 | Kingdom disciples are blessed because the kingdom is in and among them. (Luke 17:21) |
| 27 | Kingdom citizens leave behind family when called on and will receive many more in the Christian community. (Matt. 19:29; Mark 10:29-30; Luke 18:29-30) |
| 28 | Kingdom disciples get to carry on the mission of preaching the kingdom to the whole globe. (Matt. 24:14) |
| 29 | Kingdom citizens understand that God will rescue them from every evil attack and bring them safely into God’s kingdom. (2 Tim. 4:18) |
| 30 | Kingdom disciples will not stumble and lose out, and therefore they will receive a rich welcome into the eternal kingdom of the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. (2 Pet. 1:11) |
| 31 | The kingdom, which is the kingdom citizens’ inheritance, has been prepared before the foundation of the world. (Matt. 25:34) |
| 32 | Kingdom citizens realize Jesus’s kingdom is from another place and is not of this world. (John 18:38) |
| 33 | Kingdom disciples enjoy the promise that Jesus will hand over the kingdom to God the Father, after he has destroyed all dominion, authority and power. (1 Cor. 15:24) |
| 34 | Kingdom citizens’ body will be transformed into glorified body, so they can inherit the kingdom of God. (1 Cor. 15:50-54) |
| 35 | Kingdom disciples will receive a kingdom that cannot be shaken. (Heb. 12:28) |
| 36 | God has made kingdom citizens to be a kingdom and priests who serve God and Father. (Rev. 1:6; Rev. 5:10) |
| 37 | Kingdom disciples are called into the kingdom and glory, so they live worthy lives. (1 Thess. 2:12) |
| 38 | Kingdom citizens are charged to do the ministry, in view of the Second Coming and the kingdom. (2 Tim. 4:1) |
| 39 | Kingdom disciples live in the truth that Jesus’s kingdom will never end. (Luke 1:33; Heb. 1:8) |
| 40 | Kingdom citizens will be blessed because salvation and the power and the kingdom of God and the authority of the Messiah will have come at long last! (Rev. 11:15; 12:10) |
V. Demonology
|
Activities of Satan |
||
| Past Activities | ||
| 1 | He was originally created good, as all angels were. | Gen. 1:31 |
| 2 | He led a revolt of angels in heaven (as some interpreters believe he did). Now he is a fallen archangel. | 2 Pe. 2:4; Rev. 12:7-8 |
| 3 | He tempted Eve. | Gen. 3:1-7 |
| 4 | He incited David to sin. | 1 Chron. 21:1-2 |
| 5 | He attacked and afflicted Job. | Job 1:6-19; Job 2:1-10 |
| 6 | He tempted Jesus. | Matt. 4:1-11; Luke 4:1-13 |
| 7 | He was involved in putting Jesus to death. | Luke 22:2; John 14:30-31 |
| Present Activities | ||
| 8 | He afflicts people with illness. | Luke 13:16; Acts 10:38 |
| 9 | He steals, kills, and destroys, though the context says religious leaders do this. But I think we can expand the meaning to see Satan behind the verse. | John 10:10 |
| 10 | He is the father of lies. | John 8:44 |
| 11 | He does evil to people. | Matt. 13:38-39; Luke 13:11; Luke 13:16 |
| 12 | He tempts believers to sin. | Matt. 16:33; Acts 5:3; 1 Thess. 3:5; 1 Pe. 5:8 |
| 13 | He tries to keep people from true worship. | Matt. 13:19; 1 Pe. 5:8-9 |
| 14 | He thwarts the spread of the gospel. | Matt. 13:19; 2 Cor. 4:3-4; 1 Thess. 2:18 |
| 15 | He wants people to worship him. | Matt. 4:9; Luke 4:5-7 |
| 16 | He masquerades as an angel of light to deceive people. | 2 Cor. 11:14 |
| 17 | He uses many schemes. | 2 Cor. 2:11; Eph. 6:11 |
| 18 | He persecutes the church. | Rev. 2:10; Rev. 12:13-17 |
| 19 | He works through false teachers. | 2 Thess. 2:9-10; 1 Tim. 4:1-2 |
| 20 | He tries to separate believers from Christ. | Rom. 8:38-39 |
| 21 | He (temporarily) holds the power over death. | Heb. 2:14-15 |
| 22 | He empowers people to work signs and wonders to empower a lie, to deceive people. | 2 Thess. 2:9 |
| 23 | He inspires people in the church to teach false doctrines, called “doctrine or teachings of demons.” | 1 Tim. 4:1 |
| Future Activities | ||
| 24 | He will be totally bound and in chains and prison, during the millennium, if one believes in a literal millennium. | Rev. 20:2-3 |
| 25 | He will be set free at the end of the millennium, if one believes in a literal millennium. | Rev. 20:7-10 |
| 26 | He will empower an antichrist or man of lawlessness to work signs and wonders to empower a lie, to deceive people | 2 Thess. 2:9; Rev. 13:2-4 |
|
Scriptures Say No to the Devil’s Playground |
||
| 1 | Divination (using dark ways to guess about the future and your life; it is linked with superstitions) | Deut. 18:10-11; Lev. 19:26; Is. 2:6 |
| 2 | Sorcery (using spells and oaths to control). God promises to testify against sorcerers. | Deut. 18:10-11; Mal. 3:5 |
| 3 | Interpreting omens (reading strange objects like animal entrails or bird flights or bird songs) | Deut. 18:10-11; Lev. 19:26 |
| 4 | Witchcraft (much like sorcery, witches are generalists who occupy a hierarchy and practice all the dark arts | Deut. 18:10-11 |
| 5 | Casting spells (speaking out verbal formulas to exert power over nature and people’s minds) | Deut. 18:10-11 |
| 6 | Mediums and spiritists (they stand between the spirit world and the human and contacts evil spirits, which they are deceased relatives. God says he will cut people off of his people, if they seek mediums and spiritists who are in league with the god Molek, bloodthirsty satanic spirit.) | Deut. 18:10-11; Lev. 19:31 |
| 7 | Consulting the dead (necromancy) | Deut. 18:10-11 |
| 8 | Dark magic (using signs and wonders to maintain a lie that deceives people) | Deut. 18:10-11 |
| 9 | Magic spells | Is. 47:12-13 (In each case Isaiah the holy prophet said that they ultimately cause terror, but they are destined to burn like stubble in the fire.) |
| 10 | Astrology (reading signs in the nighttime stars and planets) | Is. 47:12-13 |
| 11 | Stargazing (reading stars) | Is. 47:12-13 |
| 12 | God says not to listen to the false prophets, diviners, false interpreters of dreams, mediums, and sorcerers. They serve the king of Babylon, and Babylon represents the headquarters of evil. | Jer. 27:9 |
| 13 | God promises to destroy Israel’s witchcraft and the casting of spells. Darks can destroy people today, too. | Mic. 5:12 |
| 14 | Yes, the Old Covenant Scriptures (Old Testament) says to put these practioners of the dark arts to death, but this penalty is designed to teach us how seriously God takes these issues and opposes these practices. The NT offers a better solution (see below). | Ex. 22:18; Lev. 20:27 |
| Purpose of the Dark Arts | ||
| 15 | They are calculated to figure out the future (but only God has the future in his hands, so depend on him). | Gen. 44:15; 1 Sam. 38:5-7; Dan. 2:27; Dan 2:27 |
| 16 | They are supposed to control the future (but depend on God, not the dark arts) | Gen. 30:14; Num. 23:23 |
| 17 | But the ultimate goal is for Satan to exercise as much power over people’s minds and souls as possible. Satan is referred to as a god | 2 Cor. 4:4 |
VI. Soteriology
|
Theories of the Atonement |
||
|
Name |
Proponent |
Teaching |
| Ransom to Satan | Origen (185-254) | Christ’s death was a ransom paid to Satan to satisfy claims Satan had against man. But Satan was deceived (think of the Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe by C. S. Lewis). The goal: trick and defeat Satan |
| Recapitulation | Irenaeus (130-202) | Christ recapitulated in himself all the stages of life, including what belongs to us as sinners. His obedience took the place of man’s disobedience. Therefore our lives should be transformed. Goal: reverse the Fall. |
| Satisfaction | Anselm (1033-09) | Sinful man robbed God of his honor. God rewarded the death of Christ by viewing t as a work of supererogation (beyond necessity or duty or obligation) so that he can distribute its stored-up merits to us. Our faith enables us to appropriate these merits. Goal: pay the debt of sin |
| Moral Influence | Abelard (1079-1142) | Death of Christ was not an expiation for sin but a suffering with his creatures to manifest God’s love. This suffering love should awaken a response of love in sinner and bring an ethical change in him. This liberates him from power of sin. Resembles Moral Example. Goal: Show God’s love to us. |
| Moral Example | Socinus (1539-1604) | Christ’s death did not atone for sin but revealed faith an obedience as the way to eternal life and inspiring people to lead a similar life. Resembles Moral Influence. Goal: Show God’s love in us. |
| Governmental | Grotius (1583-1645) | God’s government demanded the death of Christ to show his displeasure with sin. Christ did not suffer the penalty of the law, but God accepted his suffering for that penalty. Goal: keep moral order. |
| Dramatic | Gustav Aulen (1879-1978) | In his death Christ gained victory over the powers of evil. Goal: Christ is victor, defeat Satan, and evil and sin. |
| Christus Victor | Luther (1483-1546) | Resembles Dramatic theory. Goal: Christ is victor over the devil, evil and sin. |
| Barthian | Barth (1886-1968) | Christ’s death was principally a revelation of God’s love and hatred for sin. |
| Mystical | Schleiermacher (1768-1834) | Christ was the absolute unity of divinity and humanity. God became man that man might become God. As God-men, they partake of the divine human nature or the life of Christ. Christ’s redeeming activity exhibits it as the establishment of new life common to him and us. His redemption he takes us into this fellowship of his activity and life. We come into mystical union with him. Goal: Unite us with God. |
| Substitution | Calvin (1509-1564) | Christ the sinless one took on himself the penalty that should have been borne by humanity. Humans should have been on the cross, but he took our place (substitution). Goal: appease wrath, release mercy. |
| Adapted from Ryrie, pp. 355-56; Geisler pp. 837-38, 840 | ||
I trust this table will help you distinguish between justification and sanctification.
| Forensic Justification | Sanctification | |
| 1 | It is an aspect of salvation. | It is also an aspect of salvation. |
| 2 | Justification is linked to sanctification but distinct. | Sanctification is linked to justification but distinct. |
| 3 | Justifications happens at same time at the start of sanctification, but justification is logically prior. | Sanctification happens at same time as justification, but sanctification is logically after justification. |
| 4 | On your repentance and faith in his Son, God declares you holy and righteous. | At your conversion and infilling of the Spirit, you begin to live holy. |
| 5 | It is a legal / forensic declaration, as a one-time act. (This table is not about moral or ethical justification.) | It is a lifelong process, as the fruit of the Spirit grows in you. |
| 6 | God alone imputes holiness to believer. | Born-again believer cooperates with God to grow in holiness. |
| 7 | At his imputation, God sees and thinks of you as holy. | You may not feel holy, but in God’s sight you are. Now live out his holiness in you. |
| 8 | It happens outside of you, from God’s point of view. | It happens inside of you, both from God’s and the believer’s (limited) point of view. |
| 9 | It is a free gift by grace through faith in Christ, and we cannot earn it by our good works. | It is a free gift by grace through faith, but after conversion we have to work and live out salvation. |
| 10 | It is deliverance from the penalty of sin (and the penalty is death). | The Spirit enables believer to overcome the power of sin. He can overcome the world, the flesh, and the devil. |
| 11 | It launches the true believer towards sanctification. | It enables the believer to become more like Christ until the Second Coming or when the believer dies. |
| 12 | It is the same for all believers. | Growing in Christ is stronger and faster in some believers than in others. |
VII. Ecclesiology
|
Table of Community |
||
| One Another | Scriptures | |
| 1 | Be devoted to one another | Rom. 12:10 |
| 2 | Live in harmony with another | Rom. 12:16; 1 Pet. 3:8 |
| 3 | Accept one another | Rom. 15:7 |
| 4 | Instruct one another | Rom. 15:14 |
| 5 | Each member of the body belongs to one another | Rom. 12:5 |
| 6 | Use your gifts for one another | 1 Cor. 12:7; 1 Pet. 4:10 |
| 7 | Honor one another | Rom. 12:10 |
| 8 | Stop passing judgment on one another | Rom. 14:13 |
| 9 | Share with one another | 2 Cor. 8:7, 13-15 |
| 10 | Greet one another | 2 Cor. 13:12 |
| 11 | Serve one another in love | Gal. 5:13 |
| 12 | Carry one another’s burdens | Gal. 6:2 |
| 13 | Be kind to one another | Eph. 4:12; 1 Thess. 5:15 |
| 14 | Forgive one another | Eph. 4:32 |
| 15 | Look to interests of others | Phil. 2:3-4 |
| 16 | Bear with one another | Eph. 4:2; Col. 3:13 |
| 17 | Love one another | John 13:34; 15:12-17; Col. 3:14; 1 John 4:11-12 |
| 18 | Admonish one another | Col. 3:16 |
| 19 | Let love increase and overflow for one another | 1 Thess. 3:12 |
| 20 | Consider others better than yourselves | Phil. 2:3 |
| 21 | Have equal concern for one another | 1 Cor. 12:25 |
| 22 | Be encouraged by each other’s faith | Rom. 1:12 |
| 23 | Be compassionate to one another | Eph. 4:32 |
| 24 | Submit to one another out of reverence for Christ | Eph. 5:21 |
| 25 | Encourage one another | 1 Thess. 5:11; Heb. 10:25 |
| 26 | Build up one another | 1 Thess. 5:11 |
| 27 | Live in peace with one another | 1 Thess. 5:13 |
| 28 | Spur one another to good works | Heb. 10:24 |
| 29 | Confess your sins to each other | Jas. 5:16 |
| 30 | Pray for one another | Jas. 5:16 |
| 31 | Be hospitable to one another | 1 Pet. 4:9 |
| 32 | Clothe yourself with humility for one another | 1 Pet. 5:5 |
| 33 | Have fellowship with one another | 1 John 1:7 |
| 34 | In coming together to eat, wait for one another | 1 Cor. 11:33 |
| 35 | Let us not envy one another | Gal. 5:26 |
| 36 | Do not lie to one another | Col. 3:9 |
VIII. Eschatology
|
Genesis and Old Creation versus the Revelation and New Creation The Revelation Reverses Genesis |
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| Genesis | Revelation | |
| 1 | Old Creation | New Creation |
| In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. (1:1)
God called the dry ground “land,” and the gathered waters he called “seas.” (1:10) |
Then I saw a great white throne and him who was seated on it. The earth and the heavens fled from his presence, and there was no place for them. (20:11)
Then I saw “a new heaven and a new earth,” for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and there was no longer any sea. (21:1) |
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| 2 | Creation of Light | Glory of God Is Light |
| And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. (1:3) | The city does not need the sun or the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God gives it light, and the Lamb is its lamp. The nations will walk by its light (21:23-24) | |
| 3 | Creation of Night | No More Night |
| God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” (1:5) | The city does not need the sun or the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God gives it light, and the Lamb is its lamp. (21:23)
There will be no more night. They will not need the light of a lamp or the light of the sun, for the Lord God will give them light. And they will reign for ever and ever. (22:5) |
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| 4 | Creation of Sun and Moon | No More Sun and Moon |
| God made two great lights—the greater light to govern the day and the lesser light to govern the night. He also made the stars. (1:16) | The city does not need the sun or the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God gives it light, and the Lamb is its lamp. (21:23) | |
| 5 | Reign over God’s Old Creation | Reigning with God over New Creation |
| Then God said, “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness, so that they may rule over the fish in the sea and the birds in the sky, over the livestock and all the wild animals, and over all the creatures that move along the ground.” (1:26) | And they will reign forever and ever (22:5) | |
| 6 | River from Eden | River from God’s Throne |
| A river watering the garden flowed from Eden (3:10) | Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life, as clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb down the middle of the great street of the city. (22:1-2) | |
| 7 | Forbidden Tree in Garden | Tree of Life Accessed Forever |
| And the Lord God commanded the man, “You are free to eat from any tree in the garden; but you must not eat from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, for when you eat from it you will certainly die.” (2:16-17) | […] down the middle of the great street of the city. On each side of the river stood the tree of life, bearing twelve crops of fruit, yielding its fruit every month. And the leaves of the tree are for the healing of the nations. (22:2) | |
| 8 | Garden = Old Tabernacle or Temple | God and Lamb Are the Temple |
| Some scholars teach that the Garden was an early temple / sanctuary with God’s presence.
Now the Lord God had planted a garden in the east, in Eden; and there he put the man he had formed. […] The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it. (2:8, 15) Here are verses outside of Genesis: Then the cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle. (Ex. 40:34) When Solomon finished praying, fire came down from heaven and consumed the burnt offering and the sacrifices, and the glory of the Lord filled the temple. (2 Chron. 7:1) |
And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, “Look! God’s dwelling place is now among the people, and he will dwell with them. They will be his people, and God himself will be with them and be their God. (21:3)
I did not see a temple in the city, because the Lord God Almighty and the Lamb are its temple. (21:22)
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| 9 | Priests Limited to Aaron and Sons | All of God’s People Are Priests |
| Some scholars say Adam was a proto-priest.
The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it. (2:15) A verse outside of Genesis: Appoint Aaron and his sons to serve as priests; anyone else who approaches the sanctuary is to be put to death.” (Num. 3:10) |
Blessed and holy are those who share in the first resurrection. The second death has no power over them, but they will be priests of God and of Christ and will reign with him for a thousand years. (20:6)
The throne of God and of the Lamb will be in the city, and his servants will serve him. (22:3) |
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| 10 | Appearance of the Serpent | Destruction of the Serpent |
| Now the serpent was more crafty than any of the wild animals the Lord God had made. (3:1) | He seized the dragon, that ancient serpent, who is the devil, or Satan, and bound him for a thousand years. […] And the devil, who deceived them, was thrown into the lake of burning sulfur (20:2, 10) | |
| 11 | Fall of Humanity | Final Restoration of Humanity |
| When the woman saw that the fruit of the tree was good for food and pleasing to the eye, and also desirable for gaining wisdom, she took some and ate it. She also gave some to her husband, who was with her, and he ate it. (3:6) | And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, “Look! God’s dwelling place is now among the people, and he will dwell with them. They will be his people, and God himself will be with them and be their God. (21:3) | |
| 12 | Beginning of Pain | End of Pain and Tears |
| To the woman he said, “I will make your pains in childbearing very severe; with painful labor you will give birth to children. (3:16) | ‘He will wipe every tear from their eyes. There will be no more death’ or mourning or crying or pain, (21:4)
‘And God will wipe away every tear from their eyes.’ (7:17) |
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| 13 | Beginning of Curse | End of Curse |
| To Adam he said, “Because you listened to your wife and ate fruit from the tree about which I commanded you, ‘You must not eat from it,’ “Cursed is the ground because of you; (3:17) | No longer will there be any curse. (22:3) | |
| 14 | Banishment from God’s Presence | Living in God’s Eternal Presence |
| So the Lord God banished him from the Garden of Eden to work the ground from which he had been taken. (3:23) | […] “they are before the throne of God and serve him day and night in his temple; and he who sits on the throne will shelter them with his presence. (7:15) They will see his face, and his name will be on their foreheads (22:4) |
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| 15 | Access to Tree of Life Closed | Access to Tree of Life Always Open |
| He must not be allowed to reach out his hand and take also from the tree of life and eat, and live forever.” […] After he drove the man out, he placed on the east side of the Garden of Eden cherubim and a flaming sword flashing back and forth to guard the way to the tree of life. (3:22, 24) | “Blessed are those who wash their robes, that they may have the right to the tree of life and may go through the gates into the city. (22:14) | |
| 16 | Death from Eating the Forbidden Tree | Life from Eating the Tree of Life |
| […] for when you eat from it you will certainly die. (3:17) | There will be no more death (21:4)
On each side of the river stood the tree of life, bearing twelve crops of fruit, yielding its fruit every month. And the leaves of the tree are for the healing of the nations. (22:2) |
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| 17 | Old, First Order (Back to Chaos) | New and Final Order |
| To Adam he said, “Because you listened to your wife and ate fruit from the tree about which I commanded you, ‘You must not eat from it,’
“Cursed is the ground because of you; |
I saw the Holy City, the new Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride beautifully dressed for her husband. (Rev. 21:2)
‘[…] for the old order of things [“first things”] has passed away.” He who was seated on the throne said, “I am making everything new! (21:4-5) |
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| 18 | Universal Sinfulness | Full Redemption of Humanity |
| “[…] every inclination of the human heart is evil from childhood. (8:21) | “You are worthy to take the scroll and to open its seals, because you were slain, and with your blood you purchased for God persons from every tribe and language and people and nation. You have made them to be a kingdom and priests to serve our God, and they will reign on the earth.” (5:9-10) |
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| 19 | Murder | No Murderers |
| […] Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him. (4:8) | Outside are […] those who practice magic arts, the sexually immoral, the murderers, the idolaters and everyone who loves and practices falsehood. (Rev. 22:15) | |
| 20 | Violence over All the Earth | No More Wars but Healing of Nations |
| Now the earth was corrupt in God’s sight and was full of violence. God saw how corrupt the earth had become, for all the people on earth had corrupted their ways. So God said to Noah, “I am going to put an end to all people, for the earth is filled with violence because of them. I am surely going to destroy both them and the earth. (6:11-13) | When the thousand years are over, Satan will be released from his prison and will go out to deceive the nations in the four corners of the earth—Gog and Magog—and to gather them for battle. In number they are like the sand on the seashore. They marched across the breadth of the earth and surrounded the camp of God’s people, the city he loves. But fire came down from heaven and devoured them. And the devil, who deceived them, was thrown into the lake of burning sulfur, where the beast and the false prophet had been thrown. Then death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. The lake of fire is the second death. (20:7-13)
On each side of the river stood the tree of life, bearing twelve crops of fruit, yielding its fruit every month. And the leaves of the tree are for the healing of the nations. (22:2) |
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| 21 | Disunity of People and Language | Total Unity of People and Languages |
| So the Lord scattered them from there over all the earth, and they stopped building the city. That is why it was called Babel [“confused”] —because there the Lord confused the language of the whole world. From there the Lord scattered them over the face of the whole earth. (11:8-9) | “You are worthy to take the scroll and to open its seals, because you were slain, and with your blood you purchased for God persons from every tribe and language and people and nation. You have made them to be a kingdom and priests to serve our God, and they will reign on the earth.” (5:9-10)After this I looked, and there before me was a great multitude that no one could count, from every nation, tribe, people and language, standing before the throne and before the Lamb. They were wearing white robes and were holding palm branches in their hands. (7:9) |
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| 22 | Hope (Protoevangelium) | Fulfilled |
| To the serpent:
And I will put enmity |
But fire came down from heaven and devoured them. And the devil, who deceived them, was thrown into the lake of burning sulfur (20:9-10) | |
| HT: Adam Harwood pp. 793-94, I expanded the points. | ||
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Seven Dispensations of C. I. Schofield |
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| Innocence | Conscience | Human Govt. | Promise | Law | Grace | Kingdom |
| Innocence until Adam’s fall
Ge 1:28-3:6 |
Man is self-determined and under moral responsibility
Ge 4:1-8:14 |
Noahic Covenant, protect human life by capital punishment
Ge 8:15-9:11 |
Patriarchs, they respond by faith to God’s revelations
Ge 11:10-Ex 18:25 |
Mosaic law, it was given as the constitution to nation of Israel, in force until death of Christ and descent of Holy Spirit
Ex 19:1-Ac 1:26 |
Advent of Christ God made grace known to all humankind
Ac 2:1-Rev 19:21 |
Christ returns and sets up kingdom for a thousand years
Rev 20:4-6 |
| Adapted from Moody, Handbook, p. 560. Moody is a dispensational institution and publishing house. They well represent dispensationalism. | ||||||
Dr. Jim's Essential Bible Teaching 