Can truly born-again believers drift permanently away from or renounce their relationship with the Lord, or are they eternally secure?
Possible Apostasy or Eternal Security?
Reply
Bible Basics about Angels
Learn what the Bible really says. This study is essential for our being rooted in the Word, not some desperate quest for angels. Seek Jesus always and only.
The Quaker Council of Philadelphia Proclaims James King
Dateline: 11 May 1685: Maybe the Quakers thought it prudent to honor the new king. But there was a problem–his religion. Both sides were part of European and American church history, in the colonial era. At his accession to the throne, he became James II.
Philadelphia Council Proclaims William and Mary King and Queen
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1 Nov 1689: The Council debates how William and Mary became King and Queen. Let’s listen in on a near-verbatim transcription of their discussion on that day. They were part of church history, and so was the council of Philadelphia.
Philadelphia Council Proclaims Anne Queen of England
Dateline: 5 July 1702, Philadelphia. People in the New World thought it best to proclaim her queen in order to provide for their own defence and form a militia against invasion and for legal reasons. Both sides of the Atlantic were part of church history.
What Is a Biblical Mystery?
It is not defined by what the world system or pagan religions say, nor is it what popular Bible teachers seem to preach.
What Is Righteousness?
It seems confusion dominates discussions about the righteousness of God. Is it imputed? Imparted? When does it mean vindication? Justice? Holiness? Declared not guilty? Putting things right? All of the above? Find out what the Old Testament and New Testament say!
The Fruit of Righteousness
Paul prays for the Philippians that they would be filled with the fruit of righteousness (Phil. 1:11). Therefore righteousness is a fruit, every bit as much as love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control are. What does this aspect of the term mean?
An Evil Counterfeit to the Jesus Revolution
I lived through the second half of Jesus Revolution of the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s. What is happening today is an evil knockoff.
Deconstructing Gender Differences
The left! Sexual nihilism. Anything goes or nothing goes. So what? Who cares? In that spirit, I don’t know anymore what’s worse: shouting “fire!” in a crowded theater or “confused boy!” in a crowded girls’ locker room (said a clever radio host).
What Is Penal Substitution?
This theory of the atonement or the significance of Christ’s death on the cross has come under attack of late. And maybe some sermons and illustrations of it have been out of line. But this theory of the atonement is still biblically valid. Here’s why.
Does Book of Acts Teach Modern Communism or Socialism?
Some say yes. What are the historical and social context of three key passages?
How to Rescue America with These Images
Lies and exaggerations and distortions flow through the web and media and harm our society. They must be countered. If not, America will decline–at first slowly, and now rapidly–by moral rot. I also offer some biblical truths. You may certainly copy the images and post them in social media.
Should I Wash a Black Man’s Feet to Atone for Historic Racism?
I tell my story: Not my racism, but my ancestors owned slaves. Most importantly, what do the Scriptures say about atonement?
So What’s Wrong with Socialism, Anyway?
Have you ever heard a student or young adult ask it today? It’s still going strong in Europe and numerous countries around the globe. What if Leftists were to rebrand their ideology and hide it under a current political party in American politics? Therefore, it’s important to take a closer look at it.
What Are Renewal Movements in Christianity?
How are they defined? How many people belong to them?
Three Reasons Why People Are Whipped Up into Violent, Frenzied Mobs
This issue ranges much more widely than just the current events in 2020 America. We can learn from Scripture any time when it speaks to our nature and satanic lies.
Christ’s Death on Cross = Cosmic Child Abuse?
Critics say: “God sent his Son to the cross and poured his just wrath on him? Would any loving Father do that? It’s cosmic child abuse!” True or a misunderstanding?
Is It Just to Deploy National Guard to Stop Mayhem?
That is, is it the morally right thing to do? That question goes beyond current events in America in 2020. What is the government allowed to do, if it intends to restore peace and order? What does the Bible say?
Should Christians Fight or Flee Persecution?
What if the Church is targeted for persecution by the government or by large groups of extremists, but the government does not come to the aid of Christians? For example, rioting Muslims in Nigeria or Sudan attack churches on a wide scale. Can Christians defend themselves, because the State does not come to their aid?
Should the State ‘Turn the Other Cheek’?
I have often heard confused uses of “turn the other cheek.” The saying seems so imbalanced and out of touch with reality, as it circulates around the world, out of context and isolated.
Word Study: Truth
This post is not about modern philosophy. What does the Bible say about this rich word?
Who Was Melchizedek?
He seems to be a mysterious figure. Some say he was a Christophany (manifestation) of the preincarnate Christ. But who was he according to the entire Scriptures that mention him? An old-fashioned Bible study here.
One Hundred Accomplishments the West Can Be Proud of
The western Left keeps attacking its own culture in their weird, dysfunctional self-loathing. To counter them, we need to be reminded of the great things we have achieved, so we can stop hanging our heads. Here is a simple list.
Word Study on Forbearance and Patience
Do you need it? Do you dare pray for it? Learn what it means, and you will pray for it in your family and at your job.
What Is a Parable?
It is the major technique of Jesus’s teaching, right up there with his direct teaching. So how do we define it?
What Is Fellowship?
Why do we need it? Why must we not skip it for very long? A Bible study here, with the famous “one another” verses included.
What Is the Church?
How does the Bible describe it? We need to know, so we can fit into God’s plan with other believers.
The Power of Scripture and Doctrine in the Church
Certain Christians downplay Scripture. But it is better to say that this book, full of revelations and wonderful teachings, should occupy the top spot in our gatherings. Here’s why.
Grace to You
Paul begins and ends each letter with grace. Great for your personal edification or a series in a Bible study or sermons.
Alternatives to Grace?
What are those alternatives? Only one man, inspired by the Spirit, turned the problem and solution on its head.
Two Approaches In Interpreting Scripture
One approach says, “Just do it!” The other one says, “It’s already been done.”
What Is Biblical Imputation?
Hint to its meaning: Think about it and take it on credit.
The Law Teaches Virtue and Restrains Vice
Several years ago, my city installed cameras at various intersections, and I got caught three times. I “miraculously” became an awesome driver!
Law versus Grace
The New Testament issues all sorts of commands and imperatives that many of us can’t live up to. What then?
Being Justified in Paul’s Epistles
What does “being justified” mean? Acquittal in law court, put right in a covenant, or both, or what?
Paul Quotes the Old Testament
This study looks at the Old Testament passages that Paul quotes in his writings, and the post places the references in categories.
The Law in Paul’s Theology
The “Grace Revolution” must adequately deal with this topic, for a change.
Law in the Epistle to the Romans
How does Paul use of the Old Testament in this most important epistle? Does he put people under the Old Covenant, by referring to its Scriptures? If not, then why borrow from them in the first place?
The Wrath of God in the New Testament
It is never expressed against his New Covenant community (unless you get a speeding ticket).
The Wrath of God in the Old Testament
What’s with all the wrathin’ and a-smitin’ in the Old Testament? If grace teachers don’t explore this topic, some people may accuse them of hiding unpleasant truths and focusing on feel-good, sugarcoated doctrines alone.
What Is Biblical Praise?
It is commanded. But wouldn’t it be better if we praised him out of our freewill gratitude?
What Is Petitionary Prayer?
What does the Bible say about it?
Worship in the Old and New Testaments
How was it done? To what purpose? Worship leaders must be Bible based, or else their lyrics and mode of worship will become shallow and self-focused instead of God centered.
Word Study on Covenant
God relates to humankind by covenants (not dispensations). What does the term mean?
Word Study: Knowledge
The original words are very rich. Most deeply and richly of all, we can know God personally.
Gifts of the Spirit in Romans 12:6-8
Renewalists believe that all the gifts of God mentioned in the New Testament are for today. They flow from God and are exercised through the Spirit and grace and a yielded, eager heart when the need arises. Let’s study the ones in Romans 12:6-8.
1 Fruit of the Spirit: Love
This word begins the list in Gal. 5:22-23. From it flows all the other virtues. Here is a basic word study of the noun, with application to your life.
2 Fruit of the Spirit: Joy
Gal. 5:22-23 lists nine fruit of the Spirit. The second one is joy. What is it? Giddiness, or does it go deeper? Also discussed here is the differences between happiness and joy.
3 Fruit of the Spirit: Peace
It is clear from the news headlines that we need peace in the world. But that can happen only when we have the peace that flows from the Spirit. Everyone on the planet needs to be born again, be filled with the Spirit, and let the peace flow outwardly.
4 Fruit of the Spirit: Forbearance or Patience
It is also translated as “patience.” Do we have enough of it? Do you dare pray for it?
5 Fruit of the Spirit: Kindness
This attribute should grow in us by the Spirit of God. Will we let him produce it in us?
6 Fruit of the Spirit: Goodness
Have you heard this meme circulating around the American church? “The gospel does not make bad people good, but dead people alive”? Yes, it makes dead people alive, but it also makes now-living persons better.
7 Fruit of the Spirit: Faithfulness
“Faith” and “faithfulness” come from related Greek words. They need to be sorted out by context.
8 Fruit of the Spirit: Gentleness
It’s the opposite of being harsh and overbearing.
9 Fruit of the Spirit: Self-Control
Without this fruit, our lives would be chaotic.
Word Study: Wisdom
It is possible to have too much love (doormat), too much grace (licentious or antinomian) or too much law (legalism), but it is not possible to have too much wisdom.
What Happens to Children after They Die?
It is very sad on a human level. But what is the answer biblically? Is there hope?
Bible Basics about Praise and Worship
This post is a basic Bible study of key words in the Old and New Testaments, all spelled out in English. Worship leaders need to have a biblical foundation. Practical application is offered below each term.
Baptized, Filled, and Full of the Spirit: What Does It All Mean?
All the key words are here, spelled out in simple English.
The Biblical Way of Worship in Church
How is it done? Can we balance order and freedom? Should we remain passive and just let the professionals worship at church? What about a choir? What about dancing, for example?
Dreams and Visions: How to Interpret Them
Have you ever received a dream, possibly from God, while you were sleeping or a vision before your eyes or mind’s eyes? How would you know if it came from God? How do we evaluate them?
What Is Biblical Intercession?
Do we really know what it is, or are we just guessing?
Two Oaths to God in Colonial Virginia House of Burgesses
Dateline: Virginia, 1652 and 1658: Despite the hardships of the earliest Virginia colonists, they still formed the House of Burgesses to discuss the running of the colony. Here are two oaths that the members had to swear. They also swore on the Bible. Continue reading
America’s First Government Meeting Begins with Prayer in 1619
Dateline: Virginia, July 30, 1619: The Anglican Virginia colonists under Sir George Yeardley met in a plenary session to invoke God’s blessing and set out basic rules. They met in the choir of the church. This is the first official government assembly. These men were not greedy, Indian-murdering atheists.
What Was Function of Church Wardens in Colonial Virginia?
Church history is a wide net that catches not just the famous preachers and theologians and the political reactions they caused. Here is an English-American gentleman who soon became a church warden. What did they do exactly?
How America Separated State from Church in Colonial Virginia
Dateline: 1696 to 1763, Virginia. Ten clergymen signed a key document. These historical primary documents tell the story of the gradual, great “divorce.”
Limits on Executive Branch in 1683 Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1683: The kings and parliament in the seventeenth century fought for political power. Who would win? How does this struggle relate to new-world America?
William Penn Proclaims 1701 Charter of Privileges
Dateline: Philadelphia, 28 Oct 1701: Penn offers this new charter. What about religious liberty in the first article? How should the government be organized? Churches? Continue reading
William Penn Proclaims Liberty of Conscience in 1701 Colonial Pennsylvania
Dateline: Philadelphia, 28 Oct 1701: William Penn, Proprietor and Governor of Pennsylvania and territories, says that men are happiest when they can follow their conscience, particularly liberty of religion. Except for one class of citizens….
Christians and Indians: Why Begin Philadelphia?
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1707-1708. This is about the Indians of Pennsylvania. What was one of the strong motives for Christians to settle there?
Quakers and Indians: An Agreement in 1701
Dateline: Philadelphia: 22 Apr 1701. It is best to lead by example in the Christian faith.
‘We Had Lived as Brothers’: Indians, Quakers Dialogue in 1694
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1694. Various clans of Indians meet in Philadelphia to discuss their friendship and their fears. The English say they want peace so they can turn their attention against their real enemy—who?
Queen of the Pamunkey Natives Asks for Restoration In 1676/7 Virginia
Dateline: Virginia, 1676/7: After the troubles of Bacon’s Rebellion, the Queen of the Pamunkey Natives asks for restoration of her royal position, property and rights.
How to Deal with Indians Who Steal In 1663 Virginia Colony
Dateline: Virginia, 1663. Some Indians used to steal livestock and crops from the English plantation settlers. Here’s how the authorities handled it. Short post of primary source. Continue reading
Six Nations Deed of 1768 in American Colonies
Dateline: Ft. Stanwix, New York, 5 Nov 1768. Sir William Johnson, Baronet, appointed by George III, assures the native chiefs that borders would not be crossed. Did the deed hold? Primary source. Continue reading
1770 Treaty with Cherokee Indians In Southeast Colonies
Dateline: Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, 18 October 1770. Land is ceded to the Cherokee Nation by this treaty. What is so interesting about it, in addition to the history, is the Indian marks or signatures reproduced here. Primary source!
Dangerous Times of War in the Virginia Colony in 1644
Dateline: Virginia, June 3, 1644: Not afraid to declare war, these Anglican colonists are at war yet again with the Natives.
1629 Virginia Assembly Decides How to Fight Indians and Levy Taxes
Dateline: Virginia, 16 October 1629: After the English were massacred in 1622, the General Assembly (in this specific meeting) decides not to hold back against the Natives. Plus, how does one pay for the daily business of governing? Is church attendance required? These Anglicans decide.
Defending against the Rappahannock Indians in 1654 Virginia
Dateline, Virginia: 1654. The earliest Anglican settlers were harassed by the Natives on certain occasions. How would the earliest Americans respond? Continue reading
Neighboring Indians Ask Colonial English for Protection
Dateline: 10 May 1693, Philadelphia. A small clan of Indians of the upper part of the Schuylkill River came into Philadelphia to pay their respects to Benjamin Fletcher, who was appointed by King William and Queen Mary to be Governor over Pennsylvania. Continue reading
Laws of Conduct and Business in 1619 Virginia Colony
Dateline Virginia: 1 Aug. 1619: His Majesty’s Council in Virginia enacted these laws, which mixed civil law and religious behavior. Converting Indians was valid., and so was offering them a college education in the Christian religion, if they wanted it.
Ministers’ Duties and People’s Conduct in 1619 Virginia Colony
Dateline: Jamestown, 4 Aug. 1619: This is the sixth official government meeting in American history. These Anglicans were expected to attend church with their guns and swords ready. They had to treat Natives fairly, but not alone–together and provide uniform treatment.
Church and Ministry in Virginia Colony
Dateline: Virginia, 1619-1663. Were the Virginia colonists secular and anti-religious? Here are their values and ideas about the Christian religion and doing ministry. What about outreach to the Native Indians?
How Much Should Virginian Anglican Clergy Be Paid in 1696?
Dateline: Virginia, 1696. This Act of the Assembly gives the answer. Short primary source for American history teachers and students.
How Much Should Virginian Anglican Clergy Be Paid During Drought?
Dateline: Virginia, 1755. How did the Lt. Gov., Council and General Assembly deal with the “act of God”? Short primary source for American history teachers and students.
Will Virginia Pass Tax Relief During Drought in 1758?
Dateline: Virginia, 1758. Are the Governor, Council and General Assembly heartless or merciful in difficult times? Read the (short) Act to find out.
How Much Should Virginian Anglican Clergy Be Paid in 1751?
Dateline: Virginia, 1751. This Act of the House of Burgesses tells us. Primary source for teachers of American history on all levels and students.
Anglican Clergy of Virginia and Bishop of London Exchange Letters
Dateline: Virginia, 1756 to 1759. The Bishop stands up for the colonial clergy when the Virginians were depriving them of their set salary. Would the Virginians even care?
A ‘Strange’ Woman Arrives in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 21 May 1701. Gov. William Penn, who was a skeptical Quaker about the supernatural elements in Christianity, hears a strange tale. What did he do?
Adultery, Black Hat, and Dark Arts in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: in Chester Co., PA, 1689, 1695: Richard Buffington was a prominent member in the community, often serving on the jury and passing over and receiving deeds (land records). His wife Anne was not quite as stable or upstanding.
Quakers Investigate Witchcraft in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: 1683/4 Philadelphia: Did the Quakers show the way on how to deal with accusations of witchcraft in seventeenth century America?
Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion
Dateline Virginia, 1676/7: This post shows the Grand Assembly’s perspective about the revolt. Primary source offered here.
Will PA Quakers Ransom NY Mariners from Algerian Muslims?
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1693. Would Quaker-dominated Philadelphia contribute to their ransom money or turn isolationist?
Mulattoes in Colonial America: It’s a Mixed-Race Thing
Dateline: Jamestowne, 1666, and Philadelphia, 1703-04: Manuel (last name unmentioned) and Antonio Garcia were mulattoes who made their appeals to two colonial government councils and won. .
Quakers Tell Slaves Not to Disturb Peace
Dateline: Philadelphia, 11 July 1693. Black slaves met together in Philadelphia on the first day (Sunday) of the week and apparently disturbed the peace. How did the Quakers clamp down?
How to Punish Slaves for Burglary in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1707. What did happen to the two thieves?
Were Widows Getting Cheated in Colonial Philadelphia?
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1687-1688. The facts are basic and short. The Council took action.
How to Punish a Servant-Thief in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: 25 September 1703: Servant John Noyse stole a watch, etc. and had to be punished. But how? This short primary source is perfect for students and teachers and other researchers. Continue reading
Corruption and Vice in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1704 to 1705. The description of corruption and vices that these new laws assume is startling. How would the Quakers deal with the vice?
Henry Reynolds: Accused of Murder in 1685 Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1685 What was the result of the trial?
Suicide in Colonial Pennsylvania
Dateline, Sussex County and Philadelphia: 1704. This happened rarely, but here is a sad but true case. How would these Bible-following Christians handle it?
Drunk and Disorderly in Colonial Pennsylvania
Dateline: 1681-1688, Chester County, Pennsylvania. Some people behaved back then much as they do today. But these men were a small number, so let’s not overstate things.
“Loyal Subjects, Staunch Protestants, and True Patriots”
Dateline: Virginia, 20 February 1745: The Executive of the Virginia Colony delivers a speech to support George II over the so-called Young Pretender, Bonnie Prince Charles. The title of this post is taken from words in the speech.
Removing a Religious Nonconformist from Office
Dateline: Virginia, 1663. What happens when someone hangs out with Quakers? This brief post explains, in part, why the constitutional Founders adopted the First and Sixth Amendments 120 years later: Freedom of religion and no religious test.
Don’t Solemnize Unlawful Marriages in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 29 and 31 January 1704: What was to be done when the couple were already married?
Law against Improper Marriage Contracts in Early Virginia
In this short post, women folk were rare in 1624, so they had the upper hand in the marriage contract. They were betrothed to two or more men—usually two—by verbal agreement. They invoke the majesty of God for this new rule.
How to Do Business in Virginia Colony
Dateline, Virginia, 1663 to 1666. The colony is growing, and they had to improve things to make money. Improve? Too much nakedness or inadequate clothing. Wolves had to be killed to protect livestock. Primary sources here. Great for teachers and students.
Dealing with Hitting and Slander in Virginia Colony
Dateline: 1662, Virginia. Would you get on your knees to beg for forgiveness in the Council chamber? Primary sources here. Great for students and teachers of history.
How to Become a Citizen in Earliest Virginia
Dateline: 1666 and 1667. One had to take certain steps to become a citizen, including belonging to the right religion and having a trade. Continue reading
Petty Crime Family in Early Virginia
Dateline Virginia, March 1661/2: A husband and wife with their two servants get lashes for striking the High Sheriff. It’s one symptom of a dysfunctional family. Continue reading
How to Punish a Servant for Slander in Virginia
Dateline Virginia: Tuesday, August 3, 1619. The earliest colonists, borrowing their customs and laws from England, did not mess around with insubordination from the lower classes. Continue reading
Hardship in First Twelve Years in Virginia Colony
It is startling what they had to go through. How did the churches fare?
How Bad Were Things in 1623/24 Virginia?
Dateline: Virginia, 1623/24: This is a letter written by the Governor, Council, and Assembly of Burgesses to King James I, to reply to Capt. Nathaniel Butler’s “Unmasking of Virginia.” How did the churches fare?
Trouble in First Twelve Years of Virginia Colony
Dateline: 1623/4, Virginia: 29 Anglican Virginians signed this document. The earliest settlers on the American shores suffered greatly in the first twelve years. What follows is their entire firsthand account of their deadly ordeal. How did the churches fair? Continue reading
Philadelphia Quakers Set Up Public School
Dateline: Philadelphia: 26 Jan. 1684 and 12 Feb 1698: They actually enacted laws to set up the public school of Philadelphia, with money. Girls could attend, and poor children could go for gratis. But was the school subsidized by tax payers?
A Brawl in Streets of Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: 1704: A brawl broke out in the streets of Philadelphia on the night of 1 Nov 1704. Here is the account from the Minutes of the Provincial Council. By now, a few people of church denominations other than Quakers moved into the city. Where’s the City of Brotherly Love? Continue reading
Does Colonial Philadelphia Drown in Illegal Trade, Piracy and Vice?
Dateline: Philadelphia, 10 Feb 1698. Or at least that’s what a letter from England claimed. How would the Philadelphia Council reply?
The Richardsons: Dysfunctional Quaker Family
Dateline: 1683 to 1700, Pennsylvania and West Jersey. The head of household served in the highest level of government of the Province of Pennsylvania, but his own really bad behavior brought him down.
The Rape of Elizabeth Henbury
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1700. What she do? Marry her “rapist”? Did she love him and claim rape to marry him? Or did she want to save his life by marriage to him?
Redemption of Councilman Luke Watson in Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1686-1688: What happened when Luke Watson had an affair with his brother-in-law’s unnamed servant girl?
Was She the First Murderess in New World America?
The Richardsons, even though one of them served in the highest level of Pennsylvania’s Provincial Government, were very dysfunctional. These records go from 1688 to 1689 in Philadelphia, but the murder happened in Kent County, (West) New Jersey.
Thief Peter Stewart Is Caught in Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1688: Peter Stewart was a yeoman who was accused of stealing a lot of money and other valuables from John Wickham. But Wickham was no angel, either. This short post reveals what daily life was like at our founding—or at least the daily life of some people.
Was William Weaver The Father or Not?
Dateline: Chester County, Philadelphia, 1689: What did the court conclude about widow Anne Richards’ two children who were born out of wedlock?
The Sad Case of Susannah Willard in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Chester Co. PA, 1688-90: She was used by a certain John Bradshaw and then mistreated by her father-in-law in a sexual way. How would the Quakers handle this case?
Lashes For Contempt of Government in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Chester County, PA, 1683: Our earliest (Christian) Founders had to decide on how they would punish people—free or indentured—who showed contempt for the government and its authority. In the following case, they decided on a standard punishment for the times.
One Troubled Indentured Servant in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1685-88: Samuel Rowland was most likely an indentured servant, and the court records show him either in trouble or more often the cause of it. Life wasn’t paradise in a growing and early Quaker community in Pennsylvania.
Indentured Servants, Indians, and Rum in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1684-85: This time the combination and interaction turned out bad.
Is This the First All-Female Jury in New-World America?
Dateline: Chester County, outside Philadelphia, in 1689: I don’t know, but it looks like it’s the first one in the Quaker community.
Ann Baynton, Abandoned Wife, in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: Philadelphia, 1698: Peter Baynton abandoned his wife and went back to England, where he got married. He’s now looking to get more of his estate in Philadelphia and bring it back into his possession.
Breta Johnson, Wife of Executed Murderer in Colonial Philadelphia
Dateline: 1693 to 1694, Philadelphia. The earliest Americans, even peaceful Quakers, supported the death penalty—that’s for sure.
What Was Daily Life Like in Colonial Philadelphia?
Dateline: Philadelphia: 1683 to 1689: We look at the records of a devout Christian and carpenter. Church history is more than just famous preachers and theologians. It encompasses everyone who calls on the name of the Lord.
Daily life in Colonial and Early Republic America
Dateline: Pennsylvania: 1755-1814. Church history is more than just famous preachers and theologians. It encompasses everyone who calls on the name of the Lord. This family inspires me. Would I be this courageous to fight in a war and be a pioneer into new territory?
Positive Lessons from Indentured Servants in Colonial America
Church history goes wider than the famous theologians and preachers and political reactions. It embraces the common people.
Barnett the Slave: His Documented Life
He was born in 1778 and died after 1828. He attended a biracial church. These primary, old, handwritten documents say he lived a remarkable life and deserves our honor. Church history is more than just famous people.
Slaves and Owners Attend Same Pre-Civil War Church
Dateline: Edgefield County, South Carolina, 1810-1847. This is a list of church members who attended Bethany Baptist Church. Both slaves and owners went to the same Christian community. Blacks and whites attended church together.
My Ancestors Owned Slaves
After my mother died in 1994, I found her mother’s handwritten family history. It pointed me to the right states, counties and dates for her grandparents, who lived before and after the Civil War (1861-1865)–the Great Divide.
Wilbourn Slaves
I’m interested in history, no matter where it leads. Call it church history, since these people claimed Christianity. This post goes from 1790-1850
Slaves of Wilbourn-Related Family Lines
These families feed into the Wilbourn lines and go from 1703 to 1854. But this post goes wider than just family history. It is now about American church history, since everyone in this post claimed Christianity. A few were church wardens.
Word Study on Faith and Faithfulness
Faith, faithful and believing come from the same Greek word group. Let’s learn about them together in simple English.
Protestant Work Ethic, Capitalism, and America’s Founding
It is what made this country great. Max Weber’s thesis recently got a significant boost in the Philippines. Look at the evidence in this post.
Top Ten Reasons Why Islam Is Not the Religion of Peace
The evidence is clear from the Quran itself and Muhammad’s life.
1. Either Jesus or Muhammad: Their Natures and Roles
It may seem strange to sweet Westerners and others to contrast the two, but the evidence says you cannot have both in an unholy marriage. We must face those facts. They are different–even opposites–in so many ways.
1-B. Table of Muhammad’s Titles
The references and the totals that are based on them are close approximations. It goes with Part One in the series: Either Jesus or Muhammad.
2. Either Jesus or Muhammad: Were Both Sinless?
Lovely and tolerant Westerners and others may not like to see the stark differences between the Quran and New Testament, but these well-intentioned people must do this, anyway. They cannot have both mixed together. And what is the answer to that question?
3. Either Jesus or Muhammad: Living in Freedom or Dead Laws
God loves people, but sometimes their beliefs are short-sighted. They think all religions are the same. They are not. People have to choose between Jesus or Muhammad, without mixture. Here are differences that impact our practical living.
4. Either Jesus or Muhammad: Does Islam Improve on Christianity?
Does Muhammad fulfill and complete the mission and ministry of Jesus? The Quran answers with an emphatic yes. It is a serious challenge. No mixture here. Choose one or the other, but not both. Continue reading
5. Either Jesus or Muhammad: How They Confronted Satan
This post may be the most surprising one in the series that contrasts Jesus with Muhammad. Here the differences are once again so huge that you cannot have both mixed together.
6. Either Jesus or Muhammad: Their Views on Wealth
Both Jesus and Muhammad said that we should give to the poor (and so do most world religions). But beyond this basic generosity, they had very different attitudes and policies on money. Let’s not pretend those differences don’t exist. They do.
7. Either Jesus or Muhammad: Their Reactions to Insults
Sleepy, sweet Westerners and others must understand the differences. Here are more differences which produce all sorts of repercussions today. The differences are so massive that they are incompatible.
